Nail expansion



H. W. PLEISTER NAIL EXPANSION Dec 11 1923. 1,476,835

Filed Oct. 22, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A h F! 7////////J| ATTORNEY Dec. 11 192s. 1,476,835

H. W. PLEISTER NAIL EXPANSION Filed Oct. 22, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 z 27 Z /9 2s 27 M rwii ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 11, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE}.

HENRY W. PLEISTER, OF WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR '10 HENRY B. NEWHALL.

NAIL EXPANSION.

Application filed October 22, 1921'. Serial. No. 509,611.

\ To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that L'HENRY W. PLEISTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at 'Westfield, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have made certain-new and useful Improvements in Nail Expansions, of which the following is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. l0

genus covered by my generic application Ser. No. 509,609, filed herewith.

My invention relates to nail expansions in which by merely driving the nail into and the other operated by the head'of the nail.

My invention further relates to a ductile so anchor or body member provided with a closed axial bore, extending throughout its length, having different diameters, and provided with interior and exterior radial.

grooves .staggered with relation to each 36 other and not permitting moisture to work into the axial bore to rust the nail.

My invention further includes an anchor provided with one or more stops, and a ductile member or flange which is compressed by the head of the nail as the nail is driven home.

invention further relates to certain com inations,sub-combinations, articles of I manufacture, and details of construction,

' all of which will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings I ave shown different embodiments of my invention but it is of course to be understood that my invention is not to be confined to the embodiments shown by way of illustration.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of one form of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on an enlarged This application covers a species of the scale showing the parts in their first securing position; v v

Fig. 3 is a vertical section, the same as Fig. 2, showing the nail driven in until its head contacts with the ductile washer of theanchor or body member;

Fig. 4 is a-vertical section, similar to Figs. 1 and 2, showing the next and final step of attaching the work to the wall for other suitable support;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the ductile anchor or body member shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive;

Fig. dis a vertical section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; v

Fig. 7 is a cross-section on the line 77 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a modified form of my invention;

Fig. 9 is an end elevation ofthe form shown in Fig. 8 Fig. 10 is a side elevation of another form of my invention;

Fig. 11 is an end elevation of the modification showns'in Fig. 10.

In the form of nail expansions now in use moisture readily works its way into the axial bore of the expansion, usually through slots, and also through the end of the expansion exposed to the weather. This results in water attacking the iron nail and ma comparativelyshort time rusting it to such an extent as to cause the work to rattle, and in some instances to fall. It is customary to employ iron nails which are galvanized, but this galvanizing only protects the iron of the nail for a comparative1\ short time, when the moisture will begin t, rust the nail. In some instances iron' anchors are used which are also galvanized.

This galvanizing, however, only protects the iron anchor for a limited time when it, as well as the nail will rust. If this corroding or rusting .is not prevented, serious results will in time follow as above stated.

These nail expansions are usually employed in concrete or brick walls which are in themselves more or less porous, and when the wall is exposed to the weather moisture will be absorbed which will work into the axial bore of the anchor or expansion.

In the form of nail expansions now used it is impossible to t a secure .hold between the work supporte and the expansion. The

the bore.

work is usually made of iron. If any;

portion of the iron expansion now used contacts with the ironwork, further drivin in 'of the head of the nail by hammering ocs forming a closed; continuous axial bore which will revent moisture working into Further 1 preferably employ some form of ductile member or flange which servesto close the exposed opening in the hole, asthe member or flange is compressed by blows of the hammer on the head of the nail. This, in effect, closes ,or calks the exposed end of the axial bore prevent' moisture working in under the head of the nail. By using a ductile member or flange I also protect the opening in thework so that no moisture can rust the sides of the opening and enlarge it, which-iii time would cause the loosening of the work on the wall. My ductile member or flange also performs the function of calking the opening in'theexposed surface of the wall. My ductile member or flange is preferabl integral with' my ductile anchor or bo y member and permits of two different and successive expansions of the anchor or body member; first, at the inner end, by the end of the nail expanding the end of the anchor which-is imbedded in the wall; and, second, by the head of the nail causing the ductile metal of the member or flange to flow or expand into the irregularities of the opening in the wall, forming thereby the double ex ansion.

This form of my invention-is t erefore a combined expansion and plug closing the opening inthe wall. I believe myself to be t e inventor of this broad feature and have made broad claims to it in my generic application filed herewith. L V

I have shown in the drawings difierent forms of my invention simply b way of example. It 18 of course to be un erstood that invention is not to confined to thesey particular form a I referably form my anchor 1 of some ducti e material as for example lead or an alloy. This anchor or body member is rovided with an axial bore 2, Figs. 2 an 5,

which is continuous from end to end and closed, except at the ends of the anchor.

,From the point 3 to approirimatelythe I point 4, Fig. 5, the bore is not tapered and 'point 7, the bore is to expand from approximately the is of suflicient diameter to permit the nail 5' to pass throu h it without compressing the material of the anchor or body member. From the point 4 to the point 6, the bore isprovidedwith a tapering and preferably elliptical bore. From the int 6 to the refera ly of one diameter but smaller t an is the axial bore from the point 3 to the point 4, Fig. 5.

In usingmy nail expansion the anchor or body member 1 is passed through the hole 8 in the work 9 of an description, and then into the hole 10 .'wit in the wall or .other suitable sup rt 11. The nail 5 is then inserted as's own in Fig. 2, by driving the .nailinto the axialbore 2 so that its end 12 passes along the tapered elliptical portion of the bore extending from points 4 to 6, Fi 5. The head 13 of the nail will then be rou lit into contactwith the combined stop an member or flange 14 of the expansion as shown for example in Fig. 3.

This will cause the body member or anchor ints 15 and17, Fig. 3, the head 13 then being flush with the combined stop and washer 14. This causes the main expansion to occur in the Y hole 10 back of the surface 16 of the wall or other suitable support 11. U to this point there has been no appreciab e expansion of the anchor or body member between the int 15 and the combined stop and mem r or flange 14, leaving a slight space 18' which is shownsomewhat exaggerated in y further driving the head 13, after it has reached the position shown in Fi 3, the nail 5 will be caused to move a ittle further alongthe axial bore 2 as shown in Fig. 4. At the same time the head 13 of the nail will compress and upset the combined sto and member'or flange 14, as shown in ig. 4, causing the ductile material of the member or flan and of the anchor to be compremed and ow so that it would firmly grip not only the nail 5 but also will fill up the opening 18 and cause the metal ofcthe anchor to firmly grip the interior surface of the work 9, and also flow into all in ualities or voids in the adjacent surface 0 the hole 10 filling' up the space 18. In this form of m invention I provide .the ductile anchor with different means to insure ready expansion of the anchor and yet not permit moisture to work into th axial bore 2 to rust the nail.

I have shown by way of example two sets 'of radial grooves which permit this function and alsoreduce the amount of metal necessary to form the ductile anchor and consequently reduce the cost of manufacture.

I provide the interior radialgrooves 19 19 which extend towards the periphery oi the anchor leaving the webs 20, 20 so that no moisture can work into the axial bore. I also in this form of my invention provide exterior radial grooves 21, 21 which extend from the periphery towards the axial bore 2 leavin the webs 22, 22 so that no moisture can wor through the exterior grooves into the axial bore. These two sets of interior and exterior grooves are staggered with relation to each other, and when only two of each are used they are preferably located 90 apart as shown more clearly in Fig. 6.

When the nail 5 is driven home as in Figs. 3 and 4 the elliptical portion of the axial bore is opened or enlarged, the grooves 21,21 and 19, 19 also being enlarged as the diameter of the'anchor is increased by the nail. No moisture however, can work into the axial bore 2, see Fig. 7.

Thefinal osition of the parts are shown in Fig. 4;. It will be seen from this view that my invention is not only an expansion but alsoa plug in which the end of the hole 10 is plugged up after the main expansion has occurred back in the hole, as shown in Fig. 3. The degree to which the metal of the ductile anchor will flow depends upon the particular formation of the hole 10 in the wall. If a fair-sized hole has been drilled more metal will flow in the space 18 than if the hole had been drilled with greater precision; but in either case the flowing of the metal due to blows upon the head of the nail will fill all the voids in the adjacent sides of the hole 10, and also the hole 8 in the work 9, thereby calking the end of the hole 10 and preventing any moisture working into it.

In some'cases I may form my ductile anchor or body member 23, Fig. 8 with a separate stop 24, letting the ex osed end of the ductile anchor become the uctile mem- .the exposed end of the anchor become the ductile member or flange 28.

Having thus described this invention in connection with illustrative embodiments thereof, to the details of which I do not desire to be limited, what is claimed as new and what is desired to secure by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim is 1. A nail anchor having a continuous unbroken axial bore extending from end to end of the anchor and provided with exterior grooves, and with interior grooves to permit the ready expansion of the anchor, said grooves alternating with relation to each other.

2. A ductile nail anchor having a continuous axial bore extending from end to end of the anchor and closed except at its ends, a portion of the axial bore bein tapered, the anchor being provided with a ternating radia'l grooves extending in opposite directions but not permitting moisture to penetrate into the axial bore.

3. The combination of a nail anchor having a continuous unbroken axial bore extending frolrrend to end of the anchor and provided with exterior grooves, and with interior gro'oves to permit the ready expansion of the anchor, said grooves alternating with relation to each other and a nail to expand the anchor.

HENRY W. PIJEISTER.

Witnesses:

MARY R. RYAN, ELIZABETHWJ. Born. 

